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| | | Annual bluegrass | | Barnyardgrass | | Bentgrass, creeping | | Bermudagrass | | Bittercress (Shotweed, Hairy bittercress) | | Bittersweet nightshade (European bittersweet) | | Black medic | | Blackberry (Himalayan, Evergreen, Pacific) | | Blue mustard (Purple mustard, Tenella mustard) | | Brackenfern, western | | Buffalobur | | Bull thistle | | Buttercup, creeping | | Canada thistle | | Catchweed bedstraw (Cleavers) | | Catsear, common (False dandelion) | | Chickweed, common and mouseear | | Clover | | Comfrey | | Crabgrass | | Dandelion | | Dock (Curly, Broadleaf) | | Dodder | | Downy brome (Cheatgrass, Downy chess) | | Dwarf mistletoes | | English daisy (Lawn daisy) | | English ivy | | Field bindweed (Wild morningglory) | | Field pennycress (Fanweed) | | Flixweed | | Foxtail (Green, Yellow, Bristly) | | Garden loosestrife | | Giant hogweed | | Goldenrods | | Groundsel, common | | Hawkweeds | | Hedge bindweed | | Henbit | | Herb Robert (Robert geranium, stinky Bob) | | Horsetails (Scouringrush) | | Horseweed (Marestail) | | Knapweeds | | Knotweeds (Bohemian, Giant, Japanese, Himalayan) | | Kochia | | Lambsquarters, common | | Liverworts | | Mallow, common (Cheeseweed, Buttonweed) | | Nightshades | | Oxalis (Creeping woodsorrel) | | Parrotfeather and Eurasian watermilfoil | | Pineappleweed | | Plantain (Broadleaf, Buckhorn) | | Poison hemlock | | Poison ivy and Poison oak | | Prickly lettuce (China lettuce) | | Prostrate knotweed | | Puncturevine (Tackweed, Goathead) | | Purple deadnettle (Red deadnettle) | | Purple loosestrife (Purple lythrum) | | Purslane, common | | Quackgrass | | Red sorrel (Sheep sorrel) | | Redroot pigweed (Rough pigweed) | | Redstem filaree (Stork's bill, Crane's bill) | | Reed canarygrass | | Russian thistle (Tumbleweed) | | Ryegrass, annual (Italian ryegrass) | | Salsify (Goatsbeard) | | Scotch broom | | Shepherd's-purse | | Smartweeds | | Sowthistle, annual and perennial | | Speedwells | | Spurges (Prostrate spurges) | | St. Johnswort, common (Goatweed, Klamathweed) | | Stinging nettle | | Tansy ragwort | | Tumblemustard (Jim Hill mustard) | | Velvetgrass (Common velvetgrass) | | Velvetleaf | | Water primrose | | Waterhemlock, western | | Yellow nutsedge |
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Caption: Yellow foxtail
Photo by: D.G. Swan
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Weeds : Foxtail (Green, Yellow, Bristly) : Setaria spp.
(revision date: 9/3/2015)
Family: Poaceae (Graminae)
Cycle: Annual
Plant Type: Grass
Biology
Three species of foxtails are found in the Pacific Northwest: green foxtail (S. viridis), yellow foxtail (Setaria pumila), and bristly foxtail (S. verticillata). Yellow foxtail grows in clumps reaching one to three feet. The leaves are smooth, 1/8 to 3/8 inch wide, and tapering to a point. The ligule (occurring at the point where the leaf blade joins the leaf sheath) is comprised of a fringe of hairs, with numerous long hairs at the leaf base. The leaf sheath is smooth, and auricles are absent. The seeds are borne at the tops of the stems in a densely packed, "hairy" seed head one to five inches long. The greenish to brown seeds are about 1/8 inch long. Green foxtail is similar to yellow foxtail, but is generally shorter in height, has rough leaf sheaths, shorter seed heads, smaller seeds, and lacks the long hairs at the leaf bases. Bristly foxtail resembles green and yellow foxtails, but the seed heads are bristly rather than hairy, causing them to cling to clothing and animals.
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Habitat
Foxtails are weeds of cultivated areas, roadsides, and waste areas. They can be a serious problem in some crops.
Management Options
Non-Chemical Management
None recommended
Select non-chemical management options as your first choice!
Chemical Management
Preemergent herbicides are very effective in controlling foxtails. In areas where annual grasses are consistent problems, apply in spring when soil temperatures reach 50 to 55 degrees F. Glyphosate products should be used as spot treatments only! NOTE: Some ingredients listed here are only available in combination. Read the label carefully on combination products to make sure the product is suitable for your specific situation.
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Images
+ Show larger images
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Caption: Yellow foxtail
Photo by: D.G. Swan
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Caption: Seedheads: green foxtail at left, yellow foxtail at right
Photo by: D.G. Swan
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Caption: Green foxtail
Photo by: R. Parker
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